S.A.M. The Software Automatic Mouth Download the Disk Image (boot with BASIC) Listen to S.A.M. reciting the Gettysburg Address (MP3 - 123Kb) Listen to S.A.M. talking about himself (MP3 - 377Kb) Written by Mark Barton S.A.M. and Reciter programs Documentation and packaging (c) 1982 -- Don't Ask, Inc. S.A.M. character designed by Gunnar Kullenberg
2265 Westwood Blvd. Suite B-150 Los Angeles, CA 90064 (213) 397-8811
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| DISCLAIMER AND LIMITED WARRANTY INTRODUCTION THE S.A.M. DISKETTE USING THE S.A.M. PROGRAMS RUNNING THE DEMO PROGRAMS USING S.A.M. FROM ATARI BASIC USING RECITER FROM ATARI BASIC USE OF S.A.M. AND RECITER FROM MACHINE LANGUAGE THE RECITER PROGRAM I. THE PHONETIC SPELLING SYSTEM PHONEME CHART II. ADDING STRESS TO S.A.M.'S SPEECH III.THE EFFECTS OF PUNCTUATION IV. FINAL NOTES ON PHONETIC INPUT THE USE OF PITCH AND SPEED CONTROLS WHAT AM I HEARING? ENGLISH-TO-PHONETIC SPELLING DICTIONARY FINDING PHONEME SPELLING ERRORS TECHNICAL NOTES IMPORTANT ADDRESSES LISTING OF GUESSNUM FUTURE IMPROVEMENTS S.A.M. WEB LINKS!
##### Atari is a trademark of Atari, Inc/Warner Communications Software Automatic Mouth is a trademark of Don't Ask Inc.
NOTICE: DON'T ASK does not guarantee the compatibility of the S.A.M. programs with any other software packages, languages, operating systems, or hardware devices other than those specifically discussed in this manual. Information on compatibility with specific products may from time-to-time become available upon request from DON'T ASK. DISCLAIMER AND LIMITED WARRANTY ##### This software product and the attached instructional materials are sold "AS IS" without warranty as to their performance. The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the computer software program is assumed by the user. The user, and not the manufacturer, distributor or retailer assumes the entire cost of all necessary service or repair to the computer software program. DON'T ASK Inc. shall have no liability or responsibility to the purchaser or any other person or entity with respect to any liability, loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this product, including but not limited to any interruption in service, loss of service, loss of business and anticipatory profits or consequential damages resulting from the use or operation of the software, hardware, or documentation portions of this product. However, to the original purchaser only, DON'T ASK Inc. warrants that the medium on which the program is recorded will be free from defects in materials and faulty workmanship under normal use and service for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of purchase. If a defect in the medium should occur during this period, the medium should be returned for repair or replacement to DON'T ASK or to its authorized dealer. After this ninety day period, media inoperable for any reason may be returned to DON'T ASK only along with $5.00 for prompt replacement. Hardware devices supplied with this product are warrantied on a similar basis except that after the 90 day period, replacement cost shall be $15.00. The above warranties for goods are in lieu of all other express warranties and no implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or any other warranty obligation on the part of DON'T ASK shall last longer than ninety (90) days. Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.
NOTICE: ##### Upon receipt of this computer program and associated documentation, DON'T ASK grants to you a non-exclusive license to execute the enclosed software and to make back-up copies of some of these computer programs for your personal use only; and only on the condition that all copies are conspicuously marked with the same copyright notices that appear on the original. This software and accompanying instructional materials are copyrighted. You are prohibited from reproducing, translating, or distributing the software or instructional materials in any unauthorized manner. No portion of the software contained within this product may be incorporated within or included with another computer program that is to be sold, reproduced, or transferred to other parties in any way without the express written permission of DON'T ASK, Inc. A run-time package of the speech synthesis program is available to be licensed directly from DON'T ASK. For further information contact: DON'T ASK COMPUTER SOFTWARE Software Licensing 3002 Midvale Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90034 Don't Ask Computer Software reserves the right to make improvements in the product described in this manual at any time and without notice. DON'T ASK can have no responstbility for any errors, whether factual or typographical, in this documentation.
INTRODUCTION Congratulations! You have just purchased S.A.M. -- the Software Automatic Mouth -- a versatile, high-quality speech synthesizer created entirely in software. You have added quality speech to your personal computer for a lower cost than ever before possible and, in the bargain, have gained features that other speech synthesizers cannot offer. S.A.M. is designed to be easy to use. With a couple of simple program statements, you can add speech to your BASIC or assembly-language programs. When you have mastered the easy-to-learn phonetic alphabet, the inflection system, and the use of pitch and speed controls, you will be amazed at what you can make S.A.M. do. And, until then it will already match the performance of other speech synthesizers. We strongly suggest that you read this manual carefully while learning to use S.A.M. There are thorough discussions of S.A.M.'s features with illustrative examples of how to implement them. There is also a dictionary of useful words and their phonetic equivalents to help you learn the phonetic spelling system. Also remember that as a registered S.A.M. owner, you are entitled to our services in answering your S.A.M.-related questions, providing updates and improvements to the S.A.M. program at nominal cost, and helping you with your applications of S.A.M. Yes, this is a not-too-subtle hint that you should send in your S.A.M. owner registration card today. We look forward to hearing from you. THE S.A.M. DISKETTE The S.A.M. diskette contains several programs. 1. The S.A.M. speech synthesis program This program will boot in automatically and will leave your computer ready to accept speech input through BASIC or machine language programs. The program occupies about 9K bytes. 2. RECITER -- RECITER is the English text-to-speech program that interfaces the S.A.M. program with ordinary English text input. It is not used for phonetic input and must be loaded in separately (see instructions). It occupies about 6K bytes. 3. SAYIT -- A short BASIC program that allows you to type in strings of phonemes or text and hear them spoken immediately. 4. DEMO -- A BASIC program that demonstrates some of S.A.M.'s features by telling a short story. 5. SPEECHES -- Another BASlC program that features some familiar texts to be spoken aloud by S.A.M. 6. GUESSNUM -- A vocal version of the old guess-the-number-between-one-and-one-hundred game. Great for kids. We suggest that you do not write additional data on the S.A.M. diskette. Remove it after loading the desired programs. USING THE S.A.M. PROGRAMS The S.A.M. program itself is a self-contained machine-language program that automatically boots in from the S.A.M. diskette when a system cartridge (e.g. BASIC or ASSEMBLER) is in the left slot. Programs using S.A.M. in the phonetic mode can be run immediately at this point. In order to allow maximum working space in Atari memory, S.A.M. has been installed in a location that conflicts with some functions of the Atari DOS 2.OS operating system. In particular, when the DOS menu must be accessed, such as to load the RECITER program or the RS232 handler, special care must be taken. We therefore ask you to take the following steps: 1. Format a blank diskette using DOS 2.0S (S.A.M. is incompatible with other versions of DOS) and write the DOS files to the disk with the "H" option in DOS. DO NOT use the DOS from the S.A.M. disk to create the copy disk; use DOS from another disk. 2. Copy the programs from the S.A.M. diskette onto this new disk using the "O" (duplicate file) command followed by *.* to copy all the files (the "J" command will not work). The S.A.M. program will not be transferred to the new disk. 3. Make sure there is a MEM.SAV file on your copy disk and always leave it unwrite-protected. 4. To use S.A.M. in conjunction with DOS, boot the S.A.M. disk. Then remove it and place the copy disk you have created into your drive. Then type "DOS" to enter the DOS menu. You can now load machine language files such as RECITER via the "L" command in DOS. Just remember that in order to use DOS with S.A.M. in the system,there must be a MEM.SAV on the disk. To return to BASIC after loading in a file, use the "B" command. (See the DOS 2.0S manual for further information on the use of MEM.SAV.) We have included a S.A.M.-and-RECITER-compatible bootstrap for the RS232C handler on the S.A.M. diskette. Binary load it from DOS exactly as you do with RECITER if you need to use the RS232 interface along with S.A.M. The RS232 handler provided will only function if RECITER is already loaded in. It will not work with S.A.M. alone. RUNNING THE DEMO PROGRAMS Once S.A.M. is loaded into memory, you can run all four demo programs on the S.A.M. disk (SAYIT, DEMO, SPEECHES, and GUESSNUM). These are all Atari BASIC programs and run from the usual BASIC "RUN" command. To operate SAYIT with English input, make sure you have binary-loaded RECITER as well. USING S.A.M. FROM ATARI BASIC S.A.M. patches into Atari BASIC by the use of the reserved string variable named SAM$ (easy to remember). Two BASIC statments are all that are required to make S.A.M. speak. The following statements inserted anywhere in an Atari BASIC program will cause S.A.M. to speak the phrase "I am a computer".
         100 SAM$= "AY4 AEM AH KUMPYUW3TER."
         110 A= USR(8192)
By using Atari BASIC'S string handling capabilities, it is possible to generate the SAM$ string from sentence fragments, data statements, text files, etc. Just make sure the SAM$ string is DlMensioned in your program (it can be DIMensioned no more than 255 characters long). The GUESSNUM program listed in this manual illustrates some of the techniques of using S.A.M. in BASIC. SOME ADDITIONAL NOTES: 1. To avoid stepping on S.A.M. with your Atari BASIC program, do not make any changes in the value of LOWMEM. 2. S.A.M. makes use of the "zero" sound register in the Atari (location $D201). You may use the other three sound registers undisturbed during vocal output. S.A.M. has no effect on Atari graphics modes other than using up memory that might be needed for large programs requiring high resolution (e.g. GR.8) graphic display. 3. S.A.M. disables interrupt requests and shuts down the ANTIC chip during vocal output. Therefore, the screen will blank out and the BREAK key will not operate while S.A.M. is speaking. See the Technical Notes for more details. USING RECITER FROM ATARI BASIC To use RECITER from Atari BASIC, follow this procedure: 1. Boot S.A.M. in from the S.A.M. diskette. 2. Enter DOS from a disk containing MEM.SAV and RECITER (see page 6). 3. Type "L" for Binary Load. 4. Type "RECITER". 5. When the DOS prompt returns, type "B" to get back into BASIC. 6. You are ready to use RECITER in your programs or in SAYIT. Using RECITER from Atari BASIC is the same as using S.A.M. in his phonetic mode. However, this time the string SAM$ is in plain English. Also the calling address is different.
         100 SAM$= "I AM A COMPUTER."
         110 A= USR(8199)
Use of punctuation with RECITER is discussed later, but note that a dash will be treated as a pause-making dash only if there is non-letter (not A-Z) on both sides of it. Examples: the dash in "YOU ARE A RAT-FINK" will not pause, but the dash in "HELLO JIM - THIS IS ANN" will. USE OF S.A.M. AND RECITER FROM MACHINE LANGUAGE This is very similar to using S.A.M. from Atari BASIC except for one change; you must do your own string handling. A string of ATASCII characters (the same ones you would use in BASIC) is moved into locations $2014-2113. The first character must be in $2014 and the last character, an $9B return character, marks the string's end. Bytes after the $9B are not read by S.A.M. Following the string definition, a JSR $2004 is done and S.A.M. speaks. The use of RECITER is the same except that you do a JSR $200B instead. THE RECITER PROGRAM RECITER is an English text-to-speech program that converts ordinary text into phonemes that S.A.M. can understand. You simply supply output strings of 256 characters or less to the program. RECITER takes care of the rest. The program uses about 450 rules to convert English into S.A.M.'s phonetic language. Included among these rules are some stress markers for situations where the stress choice is unambiguous. In addition, S.A.M.'s usual punctuation rules still operate with some additional symbols ("!", ";", and ":") being considered as periods. The net result is that even directly-translated English text has a fair amount of inflection. RECITER also recognizes a number of special characters. Numbers are read aloud, and several others are pronounced as well. If a character is not understood by RECITER, it simply isn't passed to S.A.M. We recommend use of RECITER (or any text-to-speech program, for that matter) only for applications where the user has no control of the text. For example, text already in a file, text received over a MODEM, and text supplied by users unfamiliar with the phonetic system. Where the highest quality speech with full inflection is desired, we urge you to use S.A.M.'s phonetic system. Don't be discouraged. though. You will find that RECITER will do a better job of speaking from English text than other text-translator products. THE SAYIT PROGRAM SAYIT is a short BASIC program that allows you to test many of S.A.M. and RECITER's features by directly inputting the string SAM$. If both S.A.M. and RECITER have been loaded in, you may opt for English input when running the program. Typing "ctrl-N" will allow you to input new pitch and speed values to test these features. Once you have done so, the new pitch and speed will remain until you type "crtl-N" again. PHONETIC INPUT TO S.A.M. I. THE PHONETIC SPELLING SYSTEM S.A.M. is equipped with a version of the easy-to-learn, very readable International Phonetic Alphabet. There are about fifty phonemes which will let you spell all the words in English. Some sounds from foreign languages are not available in the system at this time. Why use the phonetic system? There are two compelling reasons. 1.) In the phonetic system, all the words will be pronounced correctly; and 2.) You can put inflection into the speech however and wherever you want it. If you have already tried the RECITER text-to-speech program, you know that it does a fair job of pronouncing English words. However, it does make mistakes. Some words sound a little strange and others are difficult to understand. The reasons for this are not hard to understand. English is a language of exceptions rather than rules; words that are spelled alike are pronounced differently ("have" vs. "gave"). A rule system like RECITER cannot pronounce all words correctly unless it stores an enormous dictionary that takes up vast amounts of memory. But the second flaw in text-to-speech conversion is more serious. Such a rule system cannot decide where the stress belongs in what is being said. The phonetic system in S.A.M., on the other hand, allows you to decide where to accent syllables within a word and where to stress words within a sentence. So it is clear that the preferred way to make S.A.M. speak is with the phonetic alphabet. But how hard is it to use? It's really easier than writing in English because you don't have to know how to spell! You only have to know how to say the word in order to spell it phonetically. Here is the complete list of phonemes, each presented with a sample word containing its sound. Note that there are many vowels, which is why they are all indicated by two letters rather than one. The phonemes are classified into two categories: vowels and consonants. Among the vowels are the simple vowel sounds such as the "i" in "sit", the "o" in "slot", and the "a" in "hat". These vowels do not change their quality throughout their duration. There are also vowels called diphthongs such as the "i" in "site", the "o" in "slow", and the "a" in "hate", as well as the "oi" in "oil" and the "ow" in "how". These vowels start with one sound and end with another (e.g. "oi" glides from an "oh" sound to an "ee" sound). The consonants are also divided into two groups: voiced and unvoiced. The voiced consonants require you to use your vocal chords to produce the sound. Such sounds as "b". "I", "n", and "z" sounds fall into this category. The unvoiced consonants, on the other hand, are produced entirely by rushing air and include such sounds as the "p", "t", "h", and "sh" sounds. PHONETIC ALPHABET FOR S.A.M. ##### The example words have the sound of the phoneme, not necessarily the same letters.

VOWELS
| IY | feet
| IH | pin
| EH | beg
| AE | Sam
| AA | pot
| AH | budget
| AO | talk
| OH | cone
| UH | book
| UX | loot
| ER | bird
| AX | gallon
| IX | digit
--------------
DIPTHONGS
| EY | made
| AY | high
| OY | boy
| AW | how
| OW | slow
| UW | crew

##### The following symbols are used internally by some of S.A.M.'s rules, but they are also available to the user.
| YX |  | diphthong ending
| WX |  | diphthong ending
| RX |  | R after a vowel
| LX |  | L after a vowel
| /X |  | H before a non-front vowel or consonant
| DX |  | "flap" as in pity

VOICED CONSONANTS
| R | red
| L | allow
| W | away
| WH | whale
| Y | you
| M | Sam
| N | man
| NX | song
| B | bad
| D | dog
| G | again
| J | judge
| Z | zoo
| ZH | pleasure
| V | seven
| DH | then
--------------
UNVOICED CONSONANTS
| S | Sam
| SH | fish
| F | fish
| TH | thin
| P | poke
| T | talk
| K | cake
| CH | speech
| /H | ahead

SPECIAL PHONEMES
| UL | settle (= AXL)
| UM | astronomy (= AXM)
| UN | function (= ASN)
| Q | kitt-en (glottal stop)

#####
Note: The symbol for the "H" sound is /H. A glottal stop is a forced stoppage of sound.

On the phoneme chart, you will notice six phonemes -- YX, WX, RX, LX, /X, and DX -- which are described as being used by S.A.M.'s rule system. However, they have been provided with letter codes so that you may experiment with these special sounds directly. YX and WX are weaker versions of Y and W. RX and LX are smooth gliding versions of R and L. /X is the "h" sound in "who", and DX is the quick flap of the tongue on the upper palate as in the word "pity".
We are now ready to transcribe ordinary speech into its phonetic representation. Let's use the following sentence as an example:
I do my calculations on the computer.
The first step is to say each word aloud and decide how many syllables are in the word. a syllable has one vowel phoneme and its associated consonants (if any). We then identify the proper vowel phoneme by comparing its sound to lhe sounds listed in the table, and do the same for the consonants. The resultant combination of phonemes is the phonetic representation of the syllable. We do this for each syllable in a word.
In our example. the first word -- "I" -- is a single phoneme, the diphthong "AY". The next word -- "do" -- is a single syllable comprised of the diphthong "UW" preceded by the voiced consonant "D". The phonetic spelling is therefore "DUW". Similarly. the third word -- "my" -- again uses the "AY" sound, this time preceded by an "M", resulting in "MAY".
The word "calculations" has four syllables. The first syllable transcribes as "KAEL". The "c" sound is pronounced as "k". unlike the "s" pronunciation in a word like "cell" (notice there is no "C" in the phoneme table). The next syllable -- "cu" -- transcribes as "KYUW". Note here that the "Y" sound prevents this syllable from being pronounced as "coo". The third syllable comes out as "LEY", and the fourth becomes "SHAXNZ". This word ends with a voiced sound "7" and notthe hissy"S" sound as in "list". You will rapidly discover that many words contain the phonetic combinations "AXL". "AXM". and "AXN". To enhance the readability of the phonetic spelling, the special symbols "UL". "UM", and "UN" can be substituted for these combinations. The "tions" syllable is now written as "SHUNZ". So, "calculations" becomes "KAELKYUWLEYSHUNZ".
The next word "on" becomes "AAN", and "the" becomes "DHAX'. By the way. if the word "the" precedes a word beginning with a vowel, it gets pronounced "thee" and is spelled "DHIY". You should also notice that the "th" letter combination has two phonetic representations: unvoiced (TH) as in "thin", or voiced (DH) as in "the".
By now. the steps used in getting from "computer" to "KUMPYUWTER" should already be obvious. Try it.
Once you get used to the phonetic system, it will seem very easy and obvious. Initially, there will be some spellings that seem tricky (did you know that "adventure" has a "CH" in it?). However,the rule is always to write the word the way you say it, not the way you spell it.
To help you learn the system fast, we have provided an English-to-phonetic spelling dictionary of almost 1500 words. Many common words are in the dictionary; some unusual ones are in it as well. If you are really stuck on how to spell a word that isn't in the dictionary, think of another word that sounds like it and that one may be listed.
In any case, don't hesitate to experiment with the phonetic spelling system. Let your ears be your guide. This system is easy to learn, easy to use, easy to read, and you will be amazed at what you can do with it.
II. ADDING STRESS TO S.A.M.'S SPEECH
In the phonetic mode, S.A.M. is capable of speaking with a great deal of inflection and emphasis. This gives a much more natural and understandable quality to the speech than is otherwise possible.
The stress system for S.A.M. is particulary easy to use. There are eight stress markers that can be used simply by inserting a number (1-8) after the vowel to be stressed. For example. the monotonic pronunciation of the word "hello" produced by the phonetic spelling "/HEHLOW" becomes a much friendlier sounding greeting when spelled "/HEH3LOW".
Why do you have to put in the stress markers? Simply because they can go anywhere and S.A.M. has no way of knowing where you want them to go. The following simple example will demonstrate this point to you. Use the SAYIT program on your S.A.M. disk to hear the following sample phrases.
We will have S.A.M. say
"Why should I walk to the store?"
in a number of different ways.
1. WAY2 SHUH7D AY WAO5K TUX DHAH STOH5R.
(You want a reason to do it.)
2. WAY7 SHUH2D AY WAO7K TUX DHAH STOH5R.
(You are reluctant to go.)
3. WAY5 SHUH7D AY2 WAO7K TUX DHAH STOHR.
(You want someone else to do it.)
4. WAY5 SHUHD AY7 WAO2K TUX7 DHAH STOHR.
(You'd rather drive.)
5. WAY5 SHUHD AY WAO5K TUX DHAH STOH2OH7R.
(You want to walk somewhere else.)
Each of these stress examples has a slightly different meaning, even though the words are all the same. Stress markers give you the ability to let S.A.M. be expressive.
What do the stress markers do? The number you type tells S.A.M.to raise (or lower) his pitch and elongate the associated vowel sound.
The number system works like this:
1 = very emotional stress
2 = very emphatic stress
3 = rather strong stress
4 = ordinary stress
5 = light stress
6 = neutral (no pitch change) stress
7 = pitch-dropping stress
8 = extreme pitch-dropping stress
When should you use each of these? It all depends on how you want S.A.M. to sound. Say the words to yourself as expressively as you can and see where your voice rises and falls. Remember, the smaller the number, the more extreme the emphasis will be. Also, the stress markers will help get difficult words pronounced correctly. If some syllable is not enunciated sufficiently, put in a neutral stress marker.
A general rule is that the most important word or words in a sentence get the most stress and the rest of the words get little or no stress. However, words of more than one syllable should have stress marked on their accented syllables (most dictionaries show which these are if you are uncertain).
We will now assign stresses to our first example sentence about doing calculations on the computer. The first word "AY" is usually an important word (can you think of anyone more important?). We will write it as "AY4", assigning ordinary stress. "DUW", the only verb, is also important. We'll try "DUW4". "MAY" isn't very strong (unless you want to draw attention to it) and it is a single syllable. so we will leave it alone. "KAELKYUWLEYSHUNZ" is polysyllabic so we must identify the accented syllables. It is also the most important word in the sentence so it will have the strongest stress. "LEY" has the primary stress and "KAEL" receives the secondary stress. so we will write "KAE4LKYUWLEY3SHUNZ". "AAN" and "DHAX" are short, unstressed words. "KUMPYUWTER" has a single accent on "PYUW" and gets written "KUMPYUW4TER". So. our original sentence gets written
AY4 DUW4 MAY KAE4LKYUWLEY3SHUNZ AAN DHAH KUMPYUW4TER.
Try typing it into the SAYIT program compared to the unstressed version.
How about really unusual stress? When you place extraordinary emphasis on a word, you do so by elongating its vowel sounds. S.A.M. can do the same thing. For example, a call for help can become "/HEH5EH4EH3EH2EH2EH3EH4EH5EHLP." You can always do this with the ordinary vowel sounds, but be careful with the diphthongs. They are complex sounds and if you repeat them, they will not do what you want (e.g. "OYOYOYOYOYOY" sounds just like it reads in English). To extend the diphthong sounds, you need to break them into component parts. So "OY" can be extended with "OHOHIYIYIY", and "AY" can be extended with "AAAAIYIYIY". You should experiment to find out just what you can do.
Unlike many other speech synthesis systems, S.A.M. allows you to control consonant stresses directly. This is usually done to produce a special tonal pattern in a word. Sometimes you might want a pitch rise on the final phoneme occurring just before a comma. For example, try typing: "AY4 YUWZ SAE5M3, AE4ND RIYSAY4TER." Notice how the pitch rises on the "M". It is never necessary to specify stress for a consonant occurring immediately before a stressed vowel. This is handled automatically.
Try to become familiar with the stress marker system. It makes all the difference between an ordinary speech synthesizer and the very expressive S.A.M.
III. THE EFFECTS OF PUNCTUATION
S.A.M. understands four punctuation marks. They are the hyphen, comma, period, and question mark.
The hyphen (-) serves to mark clause boundaries by inserting a short pause in the speech. It also has other uses to be discussed later. The comma marks phrase boundaries and inserts a pause approximately double that of the hyphen. The question-mark and period mark the end of sentences, The period inserts a pause and also causes the pitch to fall. The question-mark also inserts a pause, but it causes the pitch to rise. Notice that not all questions should end with a question mark (rising pitch), only those that require a yes-or-no answer. ("Are we hiking today?" rises; "Why are we going to the woods?" falls at the end and should be marked with a period).
IV. FINAL NOTES ON PHONETIC INPUT
S.A.M. is capable of speaking only 2.5 seconds of speech without a break (this is the size of his "breath"). If the string to be spoken exceeds this, S.A.M. will insert short breaks every 2.5 seconds. S.A.M. always breaks at punctuation marks in anticipation of the following phrase. So, if you don't like where S.A.M. broke up a phrase, you can specify your own breaks with hypens. An example of this is: "I use the telephone - to call out of town".
S.A.M. uses the spaces between words to makes his sentence-breaking decisions. If a single word requires more than 2.5 seconds to say, S.A.M. will not be able to insert his own breaks and will therefore be unable to say the word.
In summary, the procedures outlined above may seem complex, but this is because they were presented in fine detail. In reality, the steps become automatic and you will soon be able to type in phonetics almost as fast as you can type English text.
THE USE OF PITCH AND SPEED CONTROLS
S.A.M. is capable of speaking in a wide range of tones and at many different rates. Both pitch and speed controls are accessed bysingle POKES to memory locations.
The following chart shows the effects of different values in the pitch and speed registers.*

PITCH
POKE PITCH,N
N=
00-20 | impractical
20-30 | very high
30-40 | high
40-50 | high normal
50-70 | normal
70-80 | low normal
80-90 | low
90-255 | very low
default = 64

SPEED
POKE SPEED,M
M=
0-20 | impractical
20-40 | very fast
40-60 | fast
60-70 | fast conversational
70-75 | normal conversational
75-90 | narrative
90-100 | slow
100-225 | very slow
default = 72

*see the memory reference chart for these locations
WHAT AM I HEARING?
In recent years, many new speech synthesizers have appeared in the marketplace. The techniques they use vary widely depending on the intended application. Most synthesizers found in consumer products, such as talking televisions or microwave ovens, use a "speech compression" technique of one sort or another. These techniques require a person to speak the needed words or entire sentences. The speech waveform is then "compressed" using a mathematical algorithm and, as a result, can then be stored in a memory chip without taking up a lot of room. The synthesizer's job is to then take this compressed speech information and expand it back into the original waveform. Some of these systems work quite well, retaining the speaker's intonation and sometimes even his or her identity. The processes used in such synthesizers differ greatly from those used in unlimited vocabulary synthesizers like S.A.M.
Let's follow the evolution of an unlimited vocabulary speech synthesizer. First, we must define the task. Simply, we want to create a system that will synthesize any English utterance. One way to begin would be to record every possible utterance on tape and just play back the right one whenever we need it. This would take up more tape or computer memory than could ever exist, so this method is obviously not too practical.
The next method might be to record all the English words and play them back in a specific order to create sentences. This is certainly practical. It would take up a large amount of memory, but it would work. However, we have lost something in this process. The words now sound disjointed because we have "spliced" the sentence together. Also, the stress or inflection pattern of the sentence is either wrong or non-existent. If we wanted an accurate stress pattern, we would need to record every word in a number of different styles, at different pitches, etc.
Such a system needs too much memory. So, let's break things down even further and try to store as little as possible in memory. Instead of storing sentences or words or even syllables, we could store phonemes. Phonemes are the atoms of spoken language, the individual speech sounds. It turns out that English has a little over forty of them. Wow -- this takes up practically no memory at all! We could specify the phonemes in the order we need to create words and sentences and really have ourselves a system. So, we go and record the phonemes and play them back to say the sentence, "I am a computer." Why can we barely understand it? It seems we have broken things down a bit too far. When we chop the words down to this level and then try to reassemble them, everything that blends one sound into another is lost and the results are nothing less than horrible.
But all is not lost, Our efforts are not wasted because we have the acoustic phonetician to come to our rescue. These people deal in the study of speech sounds and they can tell us just how to repair our phoneme-based system. First, instead of recording the actual speech waveform, we only store the frequency spectrums. By doing this, we save memory and pick up other advantages. Second, we learn that we need to store some data about timing. These are numbers pertaining to the duration of each phoneme under different circumstances, and also some data on transition times so we can know how to blend a phoneme into its neighbors. Third, we devise a system of rules to deal with all this data and, much to our amazement, our computer is babbling in no time.
The advantages in synthesizing speech in this way are tremendous. We use very little memory for all the data and the rules to use that data, and we also gain the ability to specify inflection, timing, and intonation. This is because we have not stored actual speech sounds, only their spectrums. (You can think of this as a printer needing only four colors of ink to reproduce all the colors in a picture.)
Now, in actuality, we do not store all the spectrums, but only those that are targets. Each phoneme has associated with it a target spectrum which can be specified with very little data. The target may be thought of as a "frozen" speech sound, the sound you would be making if your mouth was frozen exactly in the middle of pronouncing the phoneme. The timing rules tell the synthesizer how to move from target to target in a manner that imitates the timing of a human talker.
S.A.M. is this type of synthesizer implemented entirely in software. It has the tables of phoneme spectra and timing, together with the rules for using this data to blend the sounds together into any English utterance we may have in mind. We have traded some quality from the method using all the recorded words, but what we have gained is versatility, practicality, and the ability to do it all in real time, with very little memory usage, on an inexpensive microcomputer.
ENGLISH-TO-PHONETIC SPELLING DICTIONARY
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
DAYS OF THE WEEK
MONTHS OF THE YEAR
NUMBERS
STATES AND PROVINCES
UNITS

    - A -

    abandon = AHBAE4NDUN
    ability = AHBIH4LIXTIY
    able = EY4BUL
    abort = AHBOH4RT
    about = AHBAW4T
    above = AHBAH4V
    absolute = AE5BSOHLUW4T
    abuse = AHBYUW4S
    accelerate = EHKSEH4LEREYT
    accent = AE4KSEHNT
    accept = AEKSEH4PT
    access = AE4KSEHS
    accident = AE4KSIXDEHNT
    account = AHKAW4NT
    acknowledge = EHKNA4LIHJ
    action = AE4KSHUN
    active = AE4KTIHV
    address = AE4DREHS
    adjust = AHJAH4ST
    adult = AHDAH4LT
    advance = EHDVAE4NS
    adventure = AEDVEH4NCHER
    affair = AHFEY4R
    afford = AHFOH4RD
    after = AE4FTER
    age = EY4J
    agree = AHGRIY4
    air = EH4R
    airplane = EH4RPLEYN
    alarm = AHLAA4RM
    algebra = AE4LJAXBRAH
    alien = EY4LIYIXN
    allow = AHLAW4
    alone = AHLOW4N
    along = AHLAO4NX
    alphabet = AE4LFAXBEHT
    alternate = AO4LTERNIXT
    America = AHMEH4RIXKAH
    among = AHMAH4NX
    analysis = AHNAE4LIXSIXS
    and = AE4ND
    anger = AE4NXGER
    announce = AHNAW4NS
    answer = AE4NSER
    antenna = AENTEH4NAH
    anticipate = AENTIH4SIXPEYT
    apology = AHPAA4LAXJIY
    appear = AHPIY4R
    apple = AE4PUL
    appropriate = AHPROH4PRIYIXT
    approve = AHPRUW4V
    area = EH4RIYAH
    arm = AA4RM
    arrive = AHRAY4V
    ask = AE4SK
    assumption = AHSAH4MPSHUN
    astronomy = AHSTRAA4NUMIY
    Atari = AHTAA4RIY
    atom = AE4TUM
    attack = AHTAE4K
    audio = AO4DIYOW
    authority = AHTHOH4RIXTIY
    automatic = AO5TUMAE4TIXK
    auxiliary = AOKZIH4LYERIY
    available = AHVEH4LAXBUL

    - B -

    baby = BEY4BIY
    back = BAE4K
    bad = BAE4D
    balance = BAE4LIXNS
    bank = BAE4NXK
    bargain = BAA4RGUN
    base = BEY4S
    basic = BEY4SIHK
    battle = BAE4TUL
    beam = BIY4M
    beautiful = BYUW4TIXFUHL
    behave = BIY/HEY4V
    belief = BIXLIY4F
    beneficial = BEH4NAXFIH4SHUL
    betray = BIYTREY4
    better = BEH4TER
    bible = BAY4BUL
    bibliography = BIH5BLIYAA4GRAXFIY
    bicycle = BAY4SIXKUL
    billion = BIH4LYUN
    binary = BAY4NEHRIY
    bite = BAY4T
    black = BAE4K
    blast = BLAE4ST
    block = BLAA4K
    blood = BLAH4D
    board = BOH4RD
    bomb = BAA4M
    book = BUH4K
    boot = BUW4T
    boss = BAO4S
    bottle = BAA4TUL
    bottom = BAA4TUM
    box = BAA4KS
    boy = BOY4
    brain = BREY4N
    branch = BRAE4NCH
    break = BREY4K
    brief = BRIY4F
    bring = BRIH4NX
    broken = BROW4KIXN
    brother = BRAH4DHER
    budget = BAH4JIXT
    buffer = BAH4FER
    bug = BAH4G
    bureau = BYER4OW
    burglar = BER4GULER
    bus = BAH4S
    business = BIH4ZNIXS
    busy = BIH4ZIY
    by = BAY4
    byfe = BAY4T

    - C -

    cabinet = KAE4BUNIXT
    cable KEY4BUL
    calculate = KAE4LKYAXLEYT
    calendar = KAE4LUNDER
    call = KAO4L
    calorie = KAE4LERIY
    cancel = KAE4NSUL
    candy = KAE4NDIY
    cant = KAE4NT
    capacity = KAXPAE4SIXTIY
    captain = KAE4PTIXN
    capture = KAE4PCHER
    card = KAA4RD
    careful = KEH4RFUHL
    carry = KEH4RIY
    cartridge = KAA4RTRIXJ
    case = KEY4S
    cashier = KAE4SHIY4R
    cassette = KAXSEH4T
    catalog = KAE4TULAOG
    celebrate = SEH4LAXBREYT
    celestial = SULEH4SCHIYUL
    Celsius = SEH4LSIYAXS
    center = SEH4NTER
    certain = SER4TQN
    challenge = CHAE4LIXNJ
    change = CHEY4NJ
    channel = CHAE4NUL
    chapter = CHAE4PTER
    charge = CHAA4RJ
    chauvenism = SHOH4VIXNIHZUM
    Cheese = CHIY4Z
    child = CHAY4LD
    children = CHIH4LDRIXN
    chocolate = CHAO4KLIXT
    choreography = KOH5RIYAA4GRAXFIY
    Christmas = KRIH4SMAXS
    church = CHER4CH
    cinema = SIH4NUMAH
    circle = SER4KUL
    circuit = SER4KIXT
    circumstance = SER4KUMSTAENS
    citizen = SIH4TIXSUN
    city = SIH4TIY
    classify = KLAE4SIXFAY
    clear = KLIY4R
    close = KLOW4Z
    coaxial = KOHAE4KSIYUL
    coffee = KAO4FIY
    coherent = KOW/HEH4RIXNT
    cold = KOW4LD
    college = KAA4LIXJ
    color = KAH4LER
    comfortable = KAH4MFTERBUL
    command = KUMAE4ND
    common = KAA4MUN
    company = KAHM4PUNIY
    complain = KUMPLEY4N
    complex = KUMPLEH4KS
    component = KAHMPOH4NUNT
    computer = KUMPYUW4TER
    condition = KUNDIH4SHUN
    conscience = KAA4NSHUNTS
    console = KAA4NSOHL
    control = KUNTROH4L
    conversation = KAA5NVERSEY4SHUN
    coordinate = KOHWOH4DUNIXT
    corporation = KOH5RPEREY4SHUN
    correction = KOHREH4KSHUN
    count = KAW4NT
    country = KAH4NTRIY
    cousin = KAH4ZIXN
    create = KRIYEY4T
    critical = KRIH4TIXKUL
    culture = KAH4LCHER
    curious = KYUH4RIYAXS

    - D -

    danger = DEY4NJER
    data = DEY4TAH
    decay = DIXKEY4
    decibel = DEH4SIXBUL
    decrease = DIYKRIY4S
    definition = DEH5FUNIH4SHUN
    degree = DIXGRIY4
    delay = DIXLEY4
    demonstrate = DEH4MUNSTREYT
    department = DIYPAA4RTMIXNT
    desire = DIXZAY4ER
    develop = DIXVEH4LAHP
    dictionary = DIH4KSHUNEHRIY
    different = DIH4FRIXNT
    discount = DIH4SKAWNT
    distance = DIH4STIXNS
    distribution = DIH5STRAXBYUW4SHUN
    division = DIXVIH4ZHUN
    doctor = DAA4KTER
    double = DAH4BUL
    down = DAW4N
    drive = DRAY4V
    dungeon = DAH4NJUN

    - E -

    earth = ER4TH
    easy = IY4ZIY
    economics = IY5KUNAA4MIXKS
    education = EH5JUWKEY4SHUN
    either = IY4DHER
    eject = IXJEH4KT
    electricity = ULEHKTRIH4SIXTIY
    electronic = ULEHKTRAA4NIXK
    elementary = EH4LUMEH4NTRIY
    emphasis = EH4MFAXSIHS
    encyclopedia=EHNSAY5KLAXPIY4DIYAH
    energy = EH4NERJIY
    engineering = EH5NJUNIY4RIHNX
    enter = EH4NTER
    enunciate = IYNAH4NSIYEYT
    equal = IY4KWUL
    erase = IXREY4S
    error = EH4ROHR
    escape = EHSKEY4P
    estimate = EH4STUMIXT
    Europe = YUH4RAXP
    evil = IY4VUL
    exciting = EHKSAY4TIHNX
    explain = EHKSPLEY4N
    expression EHKSPREH4SHUN
    extra = EH4KSTRAH

    - F -

    face = FEY4S
    fail = FEY4L
    Fahrenheit = FEH4RIXN/HAYT
    false = FAO4LS
    family = FAE4MULIY
    fast = FAE4ST
    fatal = FEY4TUL
    father= FAA4DHER
    fault = FAO4LT
    female = FIY4MEYL
    fight = FAY4T
    figure = FIH4GYER
    file = FAY4L
    filter= FIH4LTER6
    finance = FAY4NAENS
    find = FAY4ND
    finger = FIH4NXGER
    finish = FIH4NIXSH
    fire = FAY4ER
    first = FER4ST
    flavor = FLEY4VER
    flight = FLAY4T
    flow chart = FLOW4CHAART
    flower = FLAW4ER
    fluorescent = FLUHREH4SIXNT
    focus = FOW4KAXS
    follow = FAA4LOW
    foot = FUH5T
    force = FOH4RS
    formula = FOH4RMYUXLAH
    forward = FOH4RWERD
    fraction = FRAE4KSHUN
    fragile = FRAE4JUL
    freedom = FRIY4DUM
    frequency = FRIY4KWUNSIY
    from = FRAH4M
    fuel = FYUW4L
    full = FUH4L
    function = FAH4NXKSHUN
    fundamental = FAH5NDUMEH4NTUL
    fuse = FYUW4Z
    fusion = FYUWSZHUN
    future = FYUW4CHER

    - G -

    gain = GEY4N
    galaxy = GAE4LAXKSIY
    game = GEY4M
    garbage = GAA4RBIXJ
    gasoline = GAE4SULIYN
    gate = GEY4T
    general = JEH4NERUL
    generate = JEH4NEREYT
    genius = JIY4NYAXS
    gentle = JEH4NTUL
    genuine = JEH4NUYXIXN
    geometry = JIYAA4MIXTRIY
    get = GEH4T
    giant = JAY4IXNT
    gift = GIH4FT
    glass = GLAE4S
    gnome = NOW4M
    go = GOW4
    gold = GOH4LD
    good = GUH4D
    gourmet = GUHRMEY4
    government = GAH4VERNMEHNT
    grand = GRAE4ND
    graphic = GRAE4FIXK
    gravity = GRAE4VIXTIY
    ground = GRAW4ND
    guarantee = GAE4RIXNTIY4
    guide = GAY4D
    gun = GAH4N
    gyroscope = JAY4RAXSKOWP

    - H -

    habit = /HAE4BIXT
    hacker = /HAE4KER
    hair = /HEH4R
    half = /HAE4F
    hallucination = /HULUW4SIXNEY5SHUN
    hand = /HAE4ND
    happy = /HAE4PIY
    hardware = /HAA4RDWEHR
    harmony = /HAA4RMUNIY
    have = /HAE4V
    head = /HEH4D
    heart = /HAA4RT
    helicopter = /HEH4LIXKAAPTER
    hello = /HEH4LOW
    here = /HIY4R
    hero = /HIY4ROW
    herta = /HER4TS
    hesitate = /HEH4ZIXTEY6T
    hexadecimal = !HEH5KSIXDEH4SUMUL
    high = /HAY4
    history = /HIH4STERIY
    hobby = /HAA4BIY
    hold = /HOW4LD
    home = /HOW4M
    honest = AA4NIXST
    horoscope = /HOH4RAXSKOWP
    hospital = /HAA4SPIXTUL
    hour = AW4ER
    house = /HAW4S
    however = /HAWEH4VER
    huge /HYUW4J
    human = /HYUW4MUN
    humor = /HUYW4MER
    husband = /HAH4ZBUND
    hyper = /HAY4PER
    hypothesis = /HAYPAA4THAXSIHS

    - I -

    I = AY4
    ice = AY4S
    idea = AYDIY4AX
    identical = AYDEH4NTIXKUL
    identity = AYDEH4N11XTIY
    illusion = IHLUX4ZHUN
    image = IH4MIXJ
    imagination = IHMAE4JIXNEY5SHUN
    immobilize = IXMOH4BULAYZ
    important = IHMPOH4RTUNT
    in = IH4N
    inch = IHN4CH
    included = IHNKLUX4DIXD
    income = IH4NKUM
    inconvenient = IHN5KUNVIY4NYUNT
    increase = IHNKRIY4S
    indeed = IHNDIY4D
    index = IH4NDEHKS
    indicate = IH4NDIXKEYT
    indirect = IH5NDEREH4KT
    individual = IH5NDIXVIH4JUWUL
    industry = IH4NDAHSTRIY
    inferior = IHNFIH4RIYER
    inflation = IHNFLEY4SHUN
    influence = IH4NFLUWIXNS
    information = IH5NFERMEY4SHUN
    -ing = IHNX
    inject = IHNJEH4KT
    injure = IH4NJER
    initial = IXNIH4SHUL
    inside = IHNSAY4D
    inspect = IHNSPEH4KT
    insulator = IH4NSULEYTER
    integer = IH4NTIXJER
    intelligent = IHNTEH4LIXJIXNT
    interest = IH4NTREHST
    interference = IH4NTERFIY4RIXNS
    intermittent = IH4NTERMIH4TNNT
    invader = IHNVEY4DER
    invent = IHNVEH4NT
    inverse = IH4NVERS
    involve = IHNVAA4LV
    iron = AY4ERN
    irrational = IHRAE4SHUNUL
    isolate = AY4SULEYT
    issue = IH4SHUW
    item = AY4TUM

    - J -

    jacket = JAE4KIXT
    jam = JAE4M
    jargon = JAA4RGUN
    jazz = JAE4Z
    jiffy = JIH4FIY
    job = JAA4B
    join = JOY4N
    joke = JOW4K
    judge = JAH4J
    jump = JAH4MP
    junction = JAH4NXKSHUN
    junior = JUW4NYER
    just = JAH4ST
    jail = JEY4L
    jewelry = JUW4LRIY
    journey = JER4NIY
    jungle JAH4NXGUL
    junk = JAH4NXK

    - K -

    keep = KIY4P
    key = KIY4
    keyboard = KIY4BOHRD
    kilobyte = KIH4LAXBAYT
    kind = KAY4ND
    kingdom = KIH4NXGDUM
    knight = NAY4T
    knowledge = NAA4LIXJ

    - L -

    label = LEY4BUL
    lady = LEY4DIY
    language = LAE4NXGWIXJ
    large = LAA4RJ
    laser = LEY4ZER
    last = LAE4ST
    late = LEY4T
    laugh = LAE4F
    launch = LAO4NCH
    law = LAO4
    layer = LEY4ER
    lead = LIY4D
    lease = LIY4S
    lecture = LEH4KCHER
    left = LEH4FT
    legal = LIY4GUL
    legend = LEH4JIXND
    leisure = LIY4ZHER
    length = LEH4NTH
    letter = LEH4TER
    level = LEH4VUL
    liberal = LIH4BERUL
    life = LAY4F
    lift = LIH4FT
    light = LAY4T
    like = LAY4K
    limit = LIH4MIXT
    linear = LIH4NIYER
    liquid = LIH4KWIXD
    list = LIH4ST
    listen = LIH4SIXN
    literature = LIH4TERIXCHER
    little = LIH4TU
    load = LOW4D
    local = LOW4KUL
    location = LOWKEY4SHUN
    lock = LAA4K
    logarithm = LAO4GERIH5DHUM
    logical = LAA4JIHKUL
    long = LAO4NX
    look = LUH4K
    loop = LUW4P
    lose = LOW4Z
    love = LAH4V
    low = LOW4
    loyal = LOY4UL
    luminescence = LUW4MIXNEH5SIXNS
    lunatic = LUW4NAXTIH6K
    luxury = LAH4GZHERIY

    - M -

    machine = MAXSHIY4N
    madam = MAE4DUM
    made = MEY4D
    magazine = MAEGAXZIY4N
    magic = MAE4JIHK
    magnet = MAE4GNIXT
    magnitude = MAE4GNIHTUX5D
    mail = MEY4L
    main = MEY4N
    major = MEY4JER
    make = MEY4K
    malfunction = MAE5LFAH4NXKSHUN
    man = MAE4N
    manager = MAE4NIXJER
    maneuver = MUNUW4VER
    manipulate = MUNIH4PYUHLEYT
    manual = MAE4NYUWUL
    manufacture = MAE5NUYXFAE4KCHER
    many = MEH4NIY
    marginal = MAA4RJIXNUL
    market = MM4RKIXT
    marriage = MEH4RIXJ
    mass = MAE4S
    master = MAE4STER
    mate = MEY4T
    material = MAXTIH4RIYUL
    mathematics = MAE4THUMAE5TIXKS
    mature = MAXCHUX4R
    maximum = MAE4KSIXMUM
    may = MEY4
    meaning = MUY4NIHNX
    measure = MEH4ZHER
    mechanical = MIXKAE4NIHKUL
    mechanism = MEH4KUNIHZUM
    media = MIY4DIYAH
    medical = MEH4DIXKUL
    medium = MIY4DIYUM
    member = MEH4MBER
    memory = MEH4MERIY
    mental = MEH4NTUL
    menu = MEH4NYUW
    merchandise = MER4CHUNDAY5S
    merge = MER4J
    metal = MEH4TUL
    meter = MIY4TER
    method = MEH4THIXD
    micro = MAY4KROW6
    middle = MIH4DUL
    might = MAY4T
    mile = MAY4L
    military = MIH4LIXTEH6RIY
    million = MIH4LYUN
    mind = MAY4ND
    mineral = MIH4NERUL
    miniature = MIH4NIYAXCHER
    minimum = MIH4NIXMUM
    minus = MAY4NIXS
    miracle = MIH4RIXKUL
    miscellaneous = MIH5SULEY4NIYAXS
    missile = MIH4SUL
    mister = MIH4STER
    mixture = MIH4KSCHER
    mnemonic = NIXMAA4NIXK
    model = MAA4DUL
    modulation = MAA4JULEY5SHUN
    molecule = MAA4LIXKYUWL
    moment = MOH4MIXNT
    money = MAH4NIY
    monitor = MAA4NIXTER
    monolithic = MAANULIH4THIXK
    monotone = MAA4NAXTOW6N
    month = MAH4NTH
    moon = MUW4N
    morning = MOH4RNIHNX
    most = MOW4ST
    mother = MAH4DHER
    motion = MOW4SHUN
    motor = MOW4TER
    mouth = MAW4TH
    move = MUW4V
    much = MAH4CH
    multiply = MAH4LTIX6PLAY
    murder = MER4DER
    muscle = MAH4SUL
    music = MYUW4ZIXK
    must = MAH4ST
    my = MAY4
    myself = MAYSEH4LF
    mystery = MIH4STERIY

    - N -

    naive = NAY5IY4V
    name = NEY4M
    narrate = NAE4REYT
    narrow = NAE4ROW
    natural = NAE4CHERUL
    nature = NEY4CHER
    navigate = NAE4VIXGEYT
    near= NIY4R
    need = NIY4D
    negative = NEH5GAXTIH6V
    negotiate NIXGOW4SHIYEYT
    neighborhood = NEY4BER/HUH6D
    nerve = NER4V
    neutral = NUX4TRUL
    news = NUW4Z
    nice = NAY4S
    night = NAY4T
    noise = NOY4Z
    nomenclature = NOH4MIXNKLEY6CHER
    none = NAH4N
    normal = NOH4RMUL
    north = NOH4RTH
    nose = NOW4Z
    notation = NOHTEY4SHUN
    notice = NOW4TIXS
    nothing = NAH4THIHNX
    now = NAW4
    nuclear = NUX4KLIYER
    number= NAH4MBER

    - O -

    object = AA4BJEHKT
    obligation = AA5BLIXGEY4SHUN
    observe = AXBZER4V
    obvious = AA4BVIYAXS
    occational = AHKEY4ZHUNUL
    occupation = AA5KYUXPEY4SHUN
    ocean = OW4SHUN
    odd = AA4D
    of = AH4V
    off = AO4F
    offer = AO4FER
    office = AO4FIXS
    official = AHFIH4SHUL
    ogre = OW4GER
    ohm = OW4M
    oil = OY4L
    O.K. = OW4KEY
    old = OW4LD
    omen = OW4MUN
    on = AA4N
    open = OW4PUN
    operate = AA4PEREYT
    opinion = AHPIH4NYUN
    oppose = AHPOW4Z
    opposite = AA4PAXSIHT
    option = AA4PSHUN
    orbit = OH4RBIHT
    orchestra = OH4RKEHSTRAH
    order = OH4RDER
    ordinary = OH4RDIXNEHRIY
    organize = OH4GUNAYZ
    origin = OH4RIXJIXN
    oscillation = AA5SULEY4SHUN
    other = AH4DHER
    ought = AO4T
    out = AW4T
    outlet = AW4TLEHT
    output = AW4TPUHT
    outside = AWTSAY4D
    over = OW4VER
    own = OW4N
    oxygen = AA4KSAXJIXN

    - p -

    pack = PAEPAE4K
    package = PAE4KIXJ
    page = PEY4J
    paint = PEY4NT
    pair = PEH4R
    palace = PAE4LIXS
    panel = PAE4NUL
    paper = PEY4PER
    parabola = PERAE4BULAH
    paradox = PAE4RAXDAA6KS
    parallel = PAE4RULEH6L
    paragraph = PAE4RAXGRAEF
    pardon = PAA4RDUN
    parent = PEH4RUNT
    parity = PAE4RIXTIY
    park = PAA4RK
    part = PAA4RT
    particle = PAA4RTIXKUL
    particular = PAARTIH4KYUHLER
    pass = PAE4S
    patch = PAE4TCH
    pathetic = PAHTHEH4TIXK
    pattern = PAE4TERN
    pause = PAO4Z
    pay = PEY4
    payroll = PEY4ROW6L
    peculiar = PIXKYUW4LYER
    penalty = PEH4NULTIY4
    penetrate = PEH4NAXTREY6T
    perception = PERSEH4PSHUN
    perfect = PER4FIXKT
    period = PIH4RIYIXD
    permanent = PER4MUNIXNT
    permission = PERMIH4SHUN
    person = PER4SUN
    personality = PER4SUNAE5LIX1
    perspective = PERSPEH4KTIXV
    pet = PEH4T
    phantom = FAE4NTUM
    phase = FEY4Z
    phenomenon = FUNAA4MIXNU
    philosophy = FULAA4SAHFIY
    phoneme = FOW4NIYM
    photo = FOW4TOW
    physical = FIH4ZIXKUL
    physics = FIH4ZIXKS
    piano = PYAE4NOW
    pick = PIH4K
    picture = PIH4KCHER
    pilot = PAY4LIXT
    pin = PIH4N
    pirate = PAY4RIXT
    pistol = PIH4STUL
    pitch = PIH4TCH
    pity = PIH4TIY
    place = PLEY4S
    plan = PLAE4N
    planet = PLAE4NIXT
    plastic = PLAE4STIxK
    plausible = PLAO4ZAXBUL
    play = PLEY4
    please = PLIY4Z
    pleasure = PLEH4ZHER
    plectrum = PLEH4KTRUM
    plenty = PLEH4NTIY
    plot = PLAA4T
    plug = PLAH4G
    plus = PLAH4S
    poetry = POW4IXTRIY
    point = POY4NT
    poke = POW4K
    police = PULIY4S
    policy = PAA4LIXSIY
    polynomial = PAA5LIXNOH4MIYUL
    pop = PAA4P
    popular = PAA4PYULER
    population = PAA4PYULEY4SHUN
    port = POH4RT
    portable = POH4RTAXBUL
    positive = PAA4ZIXTIX6V
    position = PAXZIH4SHUN
    power= PAW4ER
    practice = PRAE4KTIHS
    precise = PRIXSAY4S
    prefer = PRIXFER4
    preliminary = PREIXLIH4MIXNEHRIY
    prepare = PRIXPEH4R
    present = PREH4ZIXNT
    press = PREH4S
    pressure = PREH4SHER
    prevent = PRIXVEH4NT
    primary = PRAY4MEHRIY
    primitive = PRIH4MIXTIX6V
    prince = PRIH4NS
    princess = PRIH4NSEHS
    print = PRIH4NT
    private = PRAY4VIXT
    probably = PRAA4BAXBLIY
    problem = PRAA4BLUM
    proceed = PROHSIY4D
    process = PRAA4SEHS
    produce = PRAXDUW4S
    professional = PRAXFEH4SHUNUL
    professor = PRAHFEH4SER
    profit = PRAA4FIXT
    program = PROW4GRAEM
    project = PRAA4JEHKT
    promise = PRAA4MIHS
    pronounce = PRUNAW4NS
    proper = PRAA4PER
    proportional = PRAXPOH4RSHUNUL
    protect = PRAXTEH4KT
    proud = PRAW4D
    psychiatrist = SAYKAY4AXTRIX6ST
    public = PAH4BLIXK
    publish = PAH4BLIHSH
    pull = PUH4L
    pulse = PAH4LS
    pure = PYUW4R
    push = PUH4SH
    put = PUH4T

    - Q -

    quality = KWAA4LIXTIY
    quantity = KWAA4NTIXTIY
    question = KWEH4SCHUN
    quick= KWIH4K
    quiet = KWAY4IXT
    quit = KWIH4T
    quiz = KWIH4Z
    quote = KWOW4T
    quotient = KWOW4SHUNT

    - R -

    race = REY4S
    radar = REY4DAAR
    radiation = REY5DIYEY4SHUN
    radio = REY4DIYOW
    radius = REY4DIYAHS
    rain = REY4N
    random = RAE4NDUM
    range = REY4NJ
    rare = REH4R
    rate = REY4T
    rather = RAE4DHER
    ratio = REY4SHIYOW
    reach = RIY4CH
    reaction = RIYAE4KSHUN
    read = RIY4D
    realistic = RIY5LIH4STIXK
    reason = RIY4ZUN
    receive = RIXSIY4V
    reciter = RIXSAY4TER
    recognize = REH4KAXGNAYZ
    recommend = REH5KUMEH4ND
    record = REH4KERD
    recover = RIYKAH4VER
    rectangle = REH4KTAENXGUL
    reduce = RIXDUW4S
    refer = RIYFER4
    reference = REH4FERIXNS
    reflection = RIXFLEH4KSHUN
    refrigerator = RIXFRIH4JEREYTER
    region = RIY4JUN
    register = REH4JIXSTER
    regular = REH4GYUXLER
    reject = RIXJEH4KT
    relativity = REH5LAXTIH4VIXTIY
    relax = RIXLAE4KS
    relay= RIY4LEY
    release = RIXLIY4S
    relief = RIYLIY4F
    religion = RIXLUH4JUN
    remain = RIYMEY4N
    remember = RIXMEH4MBER
    remove = RIYMUX4V
    rent = REH4NT
    repeat = RIXPIY4T
    replace = RIXPLEY4S
    reply = RIXPLAY4
    report = RIXPOH4RT
    represent = REHPRIXZEH4NT
    reproduction = RIY5PRAXDAH4KSHUN
    republic = RIXPAH4BLIXK
    rescue = REH4SKYUW
    research = RIY4SERCH
    reserve = RIXZER4V
    resistance = RIXZIH4STUNS
    respect = RIXSPEH4KT
    response = RIXSPAA4NS
    rest = REH4ST
    restore = RIXSTOH4R
    retail = RIY4TEY6L
    return = RIXTER4N
    reverse = RIXVER4S
    review = RIXVYUW4
    revolution = REH5VULUXWSHUN
    rhapsody = RAE4PSAXDIY
    rhythm = RIH4DHUM
    rich = RIH4CH
    ride = RAY4D
    ridiculous = RIXDIH4KYULAXS
    right = RAY4T
    rigid = RIH4JIXD
    ring = RIH4NX
    rise = RAY4Z
    river = RIH4VER
    road = ROW4D
    rocket = RAA4KIXT
    roll = ROH4L
    room = RUW4M
    rough = RAH4F
    round = RAW4ND
    rubber= RAH4BER
    rule = RUW4L
    run = RAH4N
    rush = RAH4SH

    - S -

    sabotage = SAE5BAXTAA6ZH
    sacrifice = SAE4KRIXFAYS
    sad = SAE4D
    safe = SEY4F
    safety = SEY4FTIY
    saint = SEY4NT
    sale = SEY4L
    S.A.M. = SAE4M
    same = SEY4M
    sample = SAE4MPUL
    sanctuary = SAE4NXKCHUWEH6RIY
    sandwich = SAE4NWIXCH
    sarcasm = SAA4IRKAEZUM
    satisfaction = SAE4TIXSFAE4KSHUN
    savage = SAE4VIXJ
    save = SEY4V
    say = SEY4
    scale = SKEY4L
    scandal = SKAE4NDUL
    scarce = SKEY4RS
    scatter = SKAE4TER
    scenic = SIY4NIXK
    schedule = SKEH4JYUWL
    scheme = SKIY4M
    scholar = SKAA4LER
    school = SKUW4L
    science = SAY4IHNS
    scientific = SAY4UNTIH5FIXK
    scientific = SAY4AXNTIH5FIXK
    scissors = SIH4ZERZ
    score = SKOH4R
    scramble = SKRAE4MBUL
    scratch = SKRAE4CH
    scream = SKRIY4M
    screw = SKRUW4
    script = SKRIH4PT
    scroll = SKROW4L
    seal = SIY4L
    search = SER4CH
    season = SIY4ZUN
    second = SEH4KUND
    secret = SIY4KRIXT
    secretary = SEH4KRIXTEH5RIY
    section = SEH4KSHUN
    security = SIXKYUH4RIXTIY
    see = SIY4
    seek = SIY4K
    segment = SEH4GMIXNT
    self = SEH4LF
    sell = SEH4L
    semi- = SEH4MIY
    send = SEH4ND
    sensation = SEHNSEY4SHUN
    senior = SIY4NYER
    sense = SEH4NS
    sensible = SEH4NSIXBUL
    sensitive = SEH4NSIXTIX6V
    sentence = SEH4NTIXNS
    separate = SEH4PERIXT
    sequence = SIY4KWEHNS
    serial = SIH4RIYUL
    serious = SIH4RIYAHS
    serve = SER4V
    service = SER4VIXS
    session = SEH4SHUN
    set = SEH4T
    settle = SEH4TUL
    several = SEH4VERUL
    sex = SEH4KS
    shadow = SHAE4DOW
    shake = SHEY4K
    shame = SHEY4M
    shape = SHEY4P
    share = SHEY4R
    sharp = SHAA4RP
    she = SHIY4
    sheet = SHIY4T
    shield = SHIY4LD
    shift = SHIH4FT
    shock = SHAA4K
    shoot = SHUW4T
    shop = SHAA4P
    short = SHOH4RT
    should = SHUH4D
    show = SHOW4
    shy = SHAY4
    sick = SIH4K
    side = SAY4D
    sight = SAY4T
    sign = SAY4N
    signal = SIH4GNUL
    silent = SAY4LIXNT
    silver = SIH4LVER
    similar = SIH4MULER
    simple = SIH4MPUL
    simplicity = SIHMPLIH4SIXTIY
    simulator = SIH4MYULEYTER
    sin = SIH4N
    single = SIH4NXGUL
    sinister = SIH4NIXSTER
    sir = SER4
    siren = SAY4RIXN
    sit = SIH4T
    situation = SIH5CHUWEY4SHUN
    skeptical = SKEH4PTIXKUL
    sketch = SKEH4TCH
    skill = SKIH4L
    skip = SKIH4P
    slang = SLAE4NX
    sleep = SLIY4P
    sleeve = SLIY4V
    slip = SLIH4P
    slot = SLAA4T
    slow = SLOW4
    small = SMAO4L
    smart = SMAA4RT
    smell = SMEH4L
    smooth = SMUW4DH
    snap = SNAE4P
    so = SOW4
    social = SOW4SHUL
    society = SAXSAY4IXTIY
    soft = SAO4FT
    solar = SOW4LER
    soldier = SOH4LJER
    solemn = SAA4LUM
    solid = SAA4LIXD
    solitude = SAA4LIXTUW6D
    solution = SULUW4SHUN
    some = SAH4M
    somebody = SAH4MBAADIY
    song = SAO4NX
    soon = SUW4N
    sophisticated = SAXFIH4STIXKEYTIXD
    sorry = SAA4RIY
    sort = SOH4RT
    sound = SAW4ND
    south = SAW4TH
    space = SPEY4S
    spare = SPEY4R
    spatial = SPEY4SHUL
    speak = SPIY4K
    special = SPEH4SHUL
    specific = SPAXSIH4FIXK
    speculate = SPEH4KYULEYT
    speech = SPIY4CH
    speed = SPIY4D
    spell = SPEH4L
    spend = SPEH4ND
    sphere = SFIY4R
    spin = SPIH4N
    spiral = SPAY4RUL
    spirit = SPIH4RIXT
    splendid = SPLEH4NDIXD
    split = SPLIH4T
    spoil = SPOY4L
    spontaneous = SPAANTEY4NIYAHS
    sports = SPOH4RTS
    spot = SPAA4T
    spread = SPREH4D
    spring = SPRIH4NX
    spy = SPAY4
    square = SKWEH4R
    squeeze = SKWIY4Z
    stability = STAXBIH4LIXTIY
    staff = STAE4F
    stand = STAE4ND
    standard = STAE4NDERD
    star = STAA4R
    start = STAA4RT
    state = STEY4T
    static = STAE4TIXK
    station = STEY4SHUN
    stay = STEY4
    steady = STEH4DIY
    steer = STIY4R
    step = STEH4P
    stereo = STEH4RIYOW
    stick = STIH4K
    stimualte = STIH4MYULEYT
    stock = STAA4K
    stone = STOW4N
    stop = STAA4P
    store = STOH4R
    story = STOH4RIY
    straight = STREY4T
    strange = STREY4NJ
    strategy = STRAE4TIXJIY
    street = STRIY4T
    strength = STREY4NTH
    strike = STRAY4K
    strong = STRAO4NX
    structure = STRAH4KCHER
    stubborn = STAH4BERN
    student = STUW4DIXNT
    study = STAH4DIY
    stuff = STAH4F
    stupid = STUX4PIXD
    style = STAY4L
    subject = SAH4BJEHKT
    substance = SAH4BSTIXNS
    subtle = SAH4TUL
    succession = SAHKSEH4SHUN
    succeed = SAHKSIY4D
    such = SAH4CH
    sudden = SAH4DIXN
    suggest = SAHGJEH4ST
    sum = SAH4M
    summer = SAH4MER
    sun = SAH4N
    super = SUX4PER
    superb = SUXPER4B
    superior = SUXPIH4RIYER
    supply = SAXPLAY4
    support = SAXPOH4RT
    sure = SHUX4R
    surprise = SERPRAY4Z
    surroundings = SERAW4NDIHNXGZ
    suspend = SAHSPEH4ND
    swear = SWEH4R
    sweep = SWIY4P
    swell = SWEH4L
    swing = SWIH4NX
    syllable = SIH4LAXBUL
    symbol = SIH4MBUL
    symbolic = SIHMBAA4LIXK
    symmetric = SIHMEH4TRIXK
    sympathy = SIH4MPAXTHIY
    synchronize = SIH4NXKRAX5NAYZ
    synonym = SIH4NUNIXM
    system = SIH4STUM
    synthesizer = SIH4NTHAXSAYZER

    - T -

    tab = TAE4B
    table = TEY4BUL
    tactical = TAE4KTIXKUL
    tail = TEY4L
    take = TEY4K
    talent = TAE4LIX6NT
    tall = TAO4L
    talk = TAO4K
    tap = TAE4P
    tape = TEY4P
    target = TAA4RGIXT
    task = TEY4ST
    tax = TAE4KS
    teach = TIY4CH
    team = TIY4M
    technical = TEH4KNIXKUL
    technology = TEHKNAA4LAXJIY
    telephone = TEH4LAX6FOWN
    television = TEH4LAX6VIXZHUN
    temper = TEH4MPER
    tender = TEH4NDER
    tense = TEH4NS
    tension = TEH4NSHUN
    term = TER4M
    terminal = TER4MIXNUL
    terrestrial = TER6EH4STRIY6UL
    terrible = TEH4RAXBUL
    territory = TEH4RAXTOH6RIY
    terror = TEH4RER6
    test = TEH4ST
    testimony = TEH4STUMOHNIY
    text = TEH4KST
    than = DHAE4N
    than = DHAE4N
    thank = THAE4NXK
    that = DHAE4T
    the = DHAH4
    theater = THIY4AHTER
    then = DHEH4N
    theorem = THIY4RUM
    theory = THIY4RIY
    thermometer = THERMAA4MIXTER
    thesis = THIY4SIXS
    they = DHEY4
    thin = THIH4N
    thing = THIH4NX
    think = THIH4NXK
    this = DHIH4S
    thought = THAO4T
    threshold = THREH4SH/HOWLD
    through = THRUW4
    ticket = TIH4KIXT
    tight = TAY4T
    time = TAY4M
    tiny = TAY4NIY
    tired = TAY4ERD
    title = TAY4TUL
    together = TUXGEH4DHER
    tolerance = TAA4LERIXNS
    tone = TOW4N
    tool = TUW4L
    top = TAA4P
    toss = TAO4S
    touch = TAH4CH
    tough = TAH4F
    tournament = TER4NUMIXNT
    toward = TOH4RD
    toward = TOW4RD
    town = TAW4N
    toy = TOY4
    trace = TREY4S
    track = TRAE4K
    trade = TREY4D
    tradition = TRAXDIH4SHUN
    traffic = TRAE4FIXK
    trail = TREY4L
    trajectory = TRAXJEH4KTERY
    transaction = TRAENZAE4KSHUN
    transfer = TRAE4NSFER
    transform = TRAENSFOH4RM
    transistor = TRAENZIH4STER
    translate = TRAE4NZLEYT
    transmit = TRAE4NZMIXT
    transparent = TRAE5NSPEH4RIXNT
    transportation = TRAE5NZPOHRTEY4SHUN
    trap = TRAE4P
    treasury = TREH4ZHERIY
    tree = TRIY4
    trek = TREH4K
    tremendous = TRIXMEH4NDAXS
    trespass = TREH4SPAES
    trial = TRAY4UL
    trangle = TRAY4AENXGUL
    trick = TRIH4K
    trgger = TRIH4GER
    trim = TRIH4M
    trip = TRIH4P
    triple = TRIH4PUL
    triumph = TRAY4AHMF
    troll = TROW4L
    trophy = TROW4FIY
    trouble = TRAH4BUL
    truck = TRAH4K
    true = TRUW4
    truth = TRUW4TH
    trj = TRAY4
    tune = TUW4N
    tunnel = TAH4NUL
    turn = TER4N
    tutor = TUW4TER
    twist = TWIH4ST
    type = TAY4P
    typewriter = TAY4PRAYTER

    - U -

    ugly = AH4GLIY
    ultimate = AH4LTAX6MIXT
    uncle = AH4NKUL
    under = AH4NDER
    understand = AH5NDERSTAE4ND
    uniform = YUW4NIXFOHRM
    union = YUW4NYUN
    unit = YUW4NIXT
    universal = YUW5NIXVER4SUL
    unless = AHNLEH4S
    up = AH4P
    upset = AHPSEH4T
    urge = EH4RJ
    use = YUW4S
    utility = YUWTIH4LIXTIY

    - V -

    vacation = VEYKEY4SHUN
    vacuum = VAE4KYUWM
    vague = VEY4G
    valid = VAE4LIXD
    value = VAE4LYUW
    valve = VAE4LV
    vanadium = VUNEY4DIYUM
    vapor = VEY4PER
    variation = VEH5RIYEY4SHUN
    various = VEH4RIYAHS
    vary = VEH4RIY
    veal = VIY4L
    vector = VEH4KTER
    vegetable = VEH4JTAXBUL
    vehicle = VIY4IX6KUL
    ventilate = VEH4NTULEYT
    verb = VER4B
    versatile = VER4SAXTUL
    verse = VER4S
    version = VER4ZHUN
    vertical = VER4TIXKUL
    very = VEH4RIY
    veto = VIY4TOW
    vibration = VAYBREY4SHUN
    vicinity = VAXSIH4NIXTIY
    victory = VIH4KTERIY
    video = VIH4DIYOW
    village = VIH4LIXJ
    vinyl = VAY4NUL
    violation = VAY4AXLEY5SHUN
    virtue = VER4CHUW
    visible = VIH4ZIXBUL
    visit = VIH4ZIXT
    vital = VAY4TUL
    vocabulary = VOHKAE4BYULEHRIY
    vocal = VOW4KUL
    voice = VOY4S
    volt = VOW4LT
    volume = VAA4LYUWM
    voluntary = VAA4LUNTEH5RIY
    vote = VOW4T
    vowel = VAW4UL
    voyage = VOY4IXJ
    video = VIH4DIYOW

    - W -

    wafer = WEY4FER
    wage = WEY4J
    wait = WEY4T
    wake = WEY4K
    walk = WAO4K
    wall = WAO4L
    war = WOH4R
    warm = WOH4RM
    warp = WOH4RP
    warranty = WOH5RIXNTIY4
    wash = WAA4SH
    waste = WEY4ST
    watch = WAA4CH
    water = WAO4TER
    watt = WAA4T
    wave = WEY4V
    way = WEY4
    weak = WIY4K
    wealth = WEH4LTH
    wear = WEH4R
    wedding = WEH4DIHNX
    week = WIY4K
    weight = WEY4
    welcome = WEH4LKUM
    well = WEH4L
    were = WER4
    what = WHAH4T
    wheel = WHIY4L
    when = WHEH4N
    which = WHIH4CH
    while = WHAY4L
    whisper = WHIH4SPER
    white = WHAY4T
    who = /HUW4
    whole = /HOW4L
    wide = WAY4D
    wild = WAY4LD
    will = WIH4L
    win = WIH4N
    window = WIH4NDOW
    wing = WIH4NX
    winter = WIH4NTER
    wise = WAY4Z
    wish = WIH4SH
    with = WIH4TH
    wizard = WIH4ZERD
    woman = WUH4MUN
    women = WIH4MIXN
    wonder = WAH4NDER
    word = WER4D
    Wordrace = WER2DREYS
    work = WER4K
    world = WUH4RLD
    worry = WER4IY
    would = WUH4D
    wrap = RAE4P
    write = RAY4T
    wrong = RAO4NX

    - X -

    Zerox = ZIH4RAAKS
    X-ray = EH4KSREY
    xylophone = ZAY4LAXFOWN

    - Y -

    yacht = YAA4T
    yard = YAA4RD
    yawn = YAO4N
    year = YIH4R
    yellow = YEH4LOW
    yes = YEH4S
    you = YUW4
    your = YOH4R
    youth = YUX4TH

    - Z -

    zany = ZEY4NIY
    zero = ZIY4ROW
    zig-zag = ZIH3GZAEG
    zip = ZIH4P
    zodiac = ZOW4DIY6AEK
    zone = ZOW4N

    - DAYS OF THE WEEK -

    Monday = MAH4NDEY
    Tuesday = TUW4ZDEY
    Wednesday = WEH4NZDEY
    Thursday = THER4ZDEY
    Friday = FRAY4DEY
    Saturday = SAE4TERDEY
    Sunday = SAH4NDEY

    - MONTHS OF THE YEAR -

    January = JAE4NYUXEHRIY
    February = FEH4BRUXEH6RIY
    March = MAA4RCH
    April = EY4PRIXL
    May= MEY4
    June = JUW4N
    July = JUHLAY4
    August = AO4GAXST
    September = SEHPTEH4MBER
    October = AAKTOW4BER
    November = NOHVEH4MBER
    December = DIHSEH4MBER

    - NUMBERS -

    one = WAH4N
    two = TUW4
    three = THRIY4
    four = FOH4R
    five = FAY4V
    six = SIH4KS
    seven = SEH4VIXN
    eight = EY4T
    nine = NAY4N
    ten = TEH4N
    eleven = IXLEH4VIXN
    twelve = TWEH4LV
    thirteen = THER4TIY6N
    twenty = TWEH4NTIY
    thirty = THER4TIY
    hundred = /HAH4NDRIXD
    thousand = THAW4ZUND
    million = MIH4LYUN

    - STATES AND PROVINCES -

    United States = YUWNAY4TIXD STEY4TS
    Alabama = AE4LAXBAE6MAX
    Alaska = AHLAE4SKAH
    Arizona = EH4RAXZOW5NAH
    Arkansas = AA4RKUNSAO
    California = KAE5LAXFOH4RNYAH
    Colorado = KAA5LAXRAA4DOW
    Connecticut = KAHNEH4TIXKAHT
    Delaware = DEH4LAXWEH6R
    Florida = FLOH4RIXDAH
    Georgia = JOH4RJAH
    Hawaii = /HAHWAY4IY
    Idaho = AY4DAH/HOW
    Illinois = IHLUNOY4
    Indiana = IH5NDIYAE4NAH
    Iowa = AY4AHWAH
    Kansas = KAE4NZIXS
    Kentucky = KEHNTAH4KIY
    Louisiana = LUXIY4ZIYAE5NAH
    Maine = MEY4N
    Maryland = MEH4RULIXND
    Massachusetts = MAE5SAXCHUW4SIXTS
    Michigan = MIH4SAXGUN
    Minnesota = MIH5NAXSOW4TAH
    Mississippi = MIH5SIXSIH4PIY
    Missouri = MIHZUH4RIY
    Montana = MAANTAE4NAH
    Nebraska = NAXBRAE4SKAH
    Nevada = NAXVAE4DAH
    New Hampshire= NUW6/HAE4MPSHER
    New Jersey = NUWJER4ZIY
    New Mexico = NUWMEH4KSIXKOW
    New York = NUWYOH4RK
    North Carolina = NOH4RTH KEH5RULAY4NAH
    North Dakota= NOH4RTH DAHKOW4TAH
    Ohio = OW/HAY4OW
    Oklahoma = OWKLAX6/HOW4MAH
    Oregon = OH4RIXGUN
    Pennsylvania = PEH5NSULVEY4NYAH
    Rhode Island = ROW5D AY4LUND
    South Carolina = SAW4TH KEH5RULAY4NAH
    South Dakota = SAW4TH DAXKOW4TAH
    Tennessee = TEH5NAXSIY4
    Texas = TEH4KSAXS
    Utah = YUW4TAO6
    Vermont = VERMAA4NT
    Virginia = VERJIH4NYAH
    Washington = WAA4SHIHNXTAHN
    West Virginia = WEH5ST VERJIH4NYAH
    Wisconsin = WIHSKAA4NSUN
    Wyoming = WAYOW4MIHNX

    Provinces of Canada =
      PRAA4VIXNSIXZ AHV KAE4NAXDAH

    Alberta = AELBER4TAH
    British Columbia =
      BRIH4TIXSH KAHLAH4MBIYAH
    Manitoba = MAE5NIXTOW4BAH
    New Brunswich = NUWBRAH4NZWIXK
    Newfoundland = NUW4FIXNLIXND
    Nova Scotia = NOH4VAX5KOW4SHAH
    Ontario = AANTEH4RIYOW
    Prince Edward Island =
      PRIH5NS EH4DWERD AY4LUND
    Quebec = KUHBEH4K
    Saskatchewan = SAESKAE4CHAXWAAN

    - UNITS -

    units = YUW4NIXTS
    inches = IH4NCHIXZ
    feet = FIY4T
    yards = YAA4RDZ
    miles = MAY4LZ
    centimeters = SEH4NTIXMIY6TERZ
    kilometers = KIXLAA4MIXTERZ
    acres = EY4KERZ
    ounces = AW4NSIXZ
    pounds = PAW4NDZ
    tons = TAH4NZ
    grams = GRAE4MZ
    teaspoons = TIY4SPUWNZ
    cups = KAH4PS
    pints = PAY4NTS
    quarts = KWOH4RTS
    gallons = GAE4LUNZ
    liters = LIY4TERZ
    degrees = DAXGRIY4Z

FINDING PHONEME SPELLING ERRORS
If you have made a phonetic spelling mistake that causes S.A.M. to be unable to break your string down into phonemes, he will beep twice at you and come back to BASIC without speaking. The location of the bad letter in the string is stored for you to examine. Also, you may PEEK at this location in a program to see if there were any errors in spelling and then make the required changes.
Here is a sample error-checking and display program:

         .
         .
         .
         100 SAM$="MAY VOY4C IHZ BIHZAA5R."
         110 A=USR(8192)
         120 IF PEEK(8211)<255 THEN GOSUB 1000
         :REM ERROR CHECK
         .
         .
         .
         1000 REM ERROR DISPLAY -- ERROR APPEARS IN INVERSE
         1010 N=PEEK(8211):REM N IS POSITION OF ERROR
         1020 SAM$(N,N) = CHR$(ASC(SAM$(N,N))+128)
         1030 PRINT SAM$
         1040 RETURN

The inverse character marks the spot where S.A.M. could no longer continue reading the string.
TECHNICAL NOTES
USE IN BASIC
S.A.M. from BASIC performs all stack housekeeping that is required.
When S.A.M. completes vocal output,the NMIEN (Non-maskable Interrupt Enable) ($D40E) returns to the following conditions:
BIT 6 -- Vertical Blank Interrupt Enable = "on"
BIT 7 -- Display List Instruction Interrupt Enable = "on"
All other registers are returned to OS shadow values within 1/60 second after vocal output.
Note that during speech, the VBI is shut down so that the real-time clock registers (18, 19, 20) do not advance.
SCREEN BLANK
The screen blanks during vocal output because Direct Memory Access (DMA) causes gaps to be inserted into the speech waveform each time the 6502 processor waits for the ANTIC chip to access memory. The audible result is extremely distorted speech when the screen is on.
If this speech quality is desirable for some application (or the screen must remain on during speech), S.A.M. may be operated in the DMA-enabled mode by POKE-ing a "1" into the "lights" register: 8210. There are different speed and pitch addresses to be used in this case. To return to DMA-disabled speech, POKE a "0" into this register.
IMPORTANT ADDRESSES

| Decimal | Hex
S.A.M. from Atari BASIC | 8192 | $2000
S.A.M. from machine language | 8196 | $2004
RECITER from Atari BASIC | 8199 | $2007
RECITER from machine language | 8203 | $200B
SPEED (LIGHTS OFF) | 8208 | $2010
SPEED (LIGHTS ON) | 8206 | $200E
PITCH (LIGHTS OFF) | 8209 | $2011
PITCH (LIGHTS ON) | 8207 | $200F
DMA-enable | 8210 | $2012
ERROR | 8211 | $2013
ATASCII STRING | 8212 | $2014

LISTING OF GUESSNUM
Download GUESSNUM.BAS (Atari BASIC)

    10 REM ---- GUESSNUM ----
    20 DIM SAM$(255),B$(50),C$(50)
    30 SAM=8192:REM SAM'S ADDRE5S
    40 GRAPHICS 2:? #6;"GUESS THE NUMBER":? #6;"BETWEEN
    1 AND 100"
    50 SETCOLOR 2,0,0
    60 N=INT(99*RND(0))+1
    70 SAM$="GEH3S DHAX NAH4MBER BIXTWIY5N WAH4N Q AEND
    WAHH6 /HAN4NDRIHD.":A=USR(SAM)
    80 TRAP 80:INPUT G
    90 IF G>99 THEN SAM$="DHAETS MON4R DHAEN WAHN
    /HAH4NDRIXD.":A=USR(SAM):GOTO 80
    100 IF G<1 THEN SAM$="DHAE5TS LEH3S DHAEN WAH5N."
    :A=USR(SAM):GOTO 80
    110 SAM$=""
    120 IF G<10 THEN B$="":GOTO 340
    130 DN G-9 GOTO 150,160,170,180,190,200,210,220,230,240
    140 GOTO 250
    150 B$="TEH4N":GOTO 460
    160 B$="IHLEH4VIXN":GOTO 460
    170 B$="TWEH4LV":GOTO 460
    180 B$="THER4TIY6N":GOTO 460
    190 B$="FOH4RTIY6N":GOTO 460
    200 B$="FIH4FTIY6N":GOTO 460
    210 B$="SIH4KSTIY6N":GOTO 460
    220 B$="SEH4VUNTIY6N":GOTO 460
    230 B$="EY4TIY6N":GOTO 460
    240 B$="NAY4NTIY6N":GOTO 460
    250 ON INT(G/10)-1 GOTO 260,270,280,290,300,310,320,330
    260 B$="TWEH4NTIY6":GOTO 340
    270 B$="THER4TIY6":GOTO 340
    280 B$="FOH4RTIY6":GOTO 340
    290 B$="FIH4FTIY6":GOTO 340
    300 B$="SIH4KSTIY6":GOTO 340
    310 B$="SEH4VUNTIY6":GOTO 340
    320 B$="EY4T1Y6":GOTO 340
    330 B$="NAY4NTIY6"
    340 R=G-10*INT(G/10)
    350 IF R=0 THEN GOTO 460
    360 ON R GOTO 370,380,390.400,410,420,430,440,450
    370 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="WAH5N":GOTO 460
    380 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="TUW5":GOTO 460
    390 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="THRIY5":GOTO 460
    400 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="FOHR5":GOTO 460
    410 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="FAY5V":GOTO 460
    420 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="SIH5KS":GOTO 460
    430 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="SEH5VUN":GOTO 460
    440 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="EY5T":GOTO 460
    450 B$(LEN(B$)+1)="NAY5N"
    460 IF G>N+25 THEN C$=" IHZ MAH3CH TUW5 /HAY6."
    :GOTO 530
    470 IF G>N+5 THEN C$=" IHZ TUW3 /HAY6."
    :GOTO 530
    480 IF G>N THEN C$=" IHZ AN LIH3TUL TUW4 /HAY6, "
    :GOTO 530
    490 IF C<N-25 THEN C$=" IHZ MAH3CH TUW4 LAXOW, "
    :GOTO 530
    300 IF G<N-5 THEN C$=" IHZ TUW3 LAXOW. "
    :GOTO 530
    310 IF CN THEN GOTO 80
    350 ? :? :? :? :? :GOTO 60

SELDOM-USED PHONEME COMBINATIONS

Phoneme Combination |  | You probably want: |  | Unless it splits syllables like:
GS |  | GZ e.g. bags | bugspray
BS |  | BZ e.g. slobs | obscene
DS |  | DZ e.g. suds | Hudson
PZ |  | PS e.g. slaps | --
TZ |  | TS e.g. curtsy | --
KZ |  | KS e.g. fix | --
NC |  | NXG e.g. singing | ingrate
NK |  | NXK e.g. bank | Sunkist

FUTURE IMPROVEMENTS
Improvements upon and modifications to the S.A.M. system may occur in the future. Such new versions of S.A.M. will be made available at nominal cost to registered S.A.M. owners.
We are also planning to release a new program called "SUPERECITER". RECITER presently has a pronunciation accuracy of about 90%. SUPERECITER will show a major improvement in this area. But, we need your help.
It you hear a word mispronounced by RECITER that you feel is important, jot it down. Send us your list of these words (or proper names) so that we may incorporate them into the expanded rule set of SUPERECITER. Your contributions will be greatly appreciated.
S.A.M. is an ongoing project at DON'T ASK Computer Software. We welcome your comments and suggestions on our software speech synthesis products.
NOTES

#####
PRINTED IN USA

SAM WEB LINKS!
Well, this little section wasn't in the original manual; however, I believe that these links are important enough to be included in the "2001 edition":
Antic's V: device handler -- Owners of S.A.M. can use this program to define the voice synthesizer as an I/O device-much like a printer (i.e. LIST V:).
an interesting magazine review comparing S.A.M. with his main competitor: the Voice Box by Alien Group.
NEW! an on-line English to S.A.M. translation utility by mindplay.

##### html-ized by Dan Vernon -- June 2001